Solar Panel Basics: What You Need to Know Before Going Solar

Thinking about switching to clean energy? Solar panels are one of the smartest investments you can make for your home, your wallet, and the planet. But with so many options available and costs to consider, it’s important to understand how solar power works—and whether it’s right for you.

At JNA.org, we make energy decisions simple. Here’s everything you need to know before installing solar panels on your home or business.

What Are Solar Panels and How Do They Work?

A solar panel—also known as a photovoltaic (PV) panel—is a device that converts sunlight into usable electricity. When the sun shines on a solar panel, its cells absorb the light and create an electric current. This electricity can be used immediately, stored in batteries, or fed back into the grid.

Modern systems include:

• Solar panels
• Inverters (which convert DC power to AC)
• Mounting equipment
• Optional battery storage

Together, these components create a clean energy system that reduces or even eliminates your dependence on the utility grid.

Benefits of Installing Solar Panels

Whether you’re interested in saving money, increasing energy independence, or lowering your carbon footprint, installing a solar panel system has many advantages:

• Lower Electricity Bills: Generate your own power and reduce monthly utility costs.
• Tax Incentives & Rebates: Federal and state programs often cover 30% or more of the cost.
• Home Value Increase: Homes with solar are more attractive to buyers and can sell faster.
• Low Maintenance: Most solar systems require little upkeep and last 25–30 years.
• Environmental Impact: Solar panels reduce greenhouse gas emissions and reliance on fossil fuels.

How Much Do Solar Panels Cost?

The cost of a solar panel installation depends on several factors:

• Your location and available sunlight
• Size of your roof or space
• Energy usage needs
• Type and brand of solar panels
• Whether you choose to buy, lease, or finance

On average, a residential solar system costs between $15,000 and $25,000 before incentives. However, federal tax credits and local rebates can significantly lower that price.

Are Solar Panels Right for You?

Here’s how to know if going solar makes sense:

• You own your home: Homeowners get the most benefit from permanent installation.
• Your roof gets plenty of sun: South-facing rooftops with minimal shading are ideal.
• You have high electricity bills: The more you pay now, the more you save with solar.
• You plan to stay in your home: Solar pays off over time, especially if you stay for 5+ years.
• Your state offers incentives: Some regions offer extra tax breaks, net metering, or SRECs.

Still unsure? Many solar providers offer free assessments to evaluate your home’s potential.

Types of Solar Panels

There are three common types of solar panels used for residential installations:

• Monocrystalline: High efficiency and sleek appearance, but more expensive.
• Polycrystalline: Affordable and reliable with slightly lower efficiency.
• Thin-Film: Lightweight and flexible, ideal for limited roof space or special applications.

Each type has pros and cons, so your choice depends on your budget, energy goals, and space.

How to Get Started

Here’s a quick roadmap to installing solar:

1. Get a Solar Quote: Use a trusted provider or online platform to compare quotes.
2. Schedule an Assessment: A technician will evaluate your home’s solar potential.
3. Choose Your System: Decide between ownership, leasing, or power purchase agreement (PPA).
4. Apply for Incentives: Don’t miss out on tax credits and rebates.
5. Install & Activate: Most systems are installed in 1–3 days and activated shortly after inspection.

Is Now the Right Time for Solar?

If you’ve been considering a solar panel installation, now is the time to act. Incentives are still strong, electricity prices continue to rise, and solar technology is more efficient than ever. Going solar is no longer a trend—it’s a long-term solution for affordable, clean energy.

At JNA.org, we help you connect with reliable solar installers and guide you through the decision-making process. Whether you’re a homeowner, business owner, or just curious about solar, we’re here to help you take the next step.